Microscopic Examination of Stool Sample in Lab-Diagnostic Test

What does the Microscopic Examination include in the Stool Sample Lab-Diagnostic Test?

A) Examining the stool sample for parasites, abnormal cells, and microorganisms.

B) Testing the stool sample for blood using a chemical reagent.

C) Analyzing the stool sample for bacterial culture.

D) Measuring the stool sample's pH level.

Final answer:

The microscopic examination in a stool sample lab-diagnostic test involves direct examination of stool for parasites, abnormal cells, and microorganisms.

The Microscopic Examination in the Stool Sample Lab-Diagnostic Test primarily involves direct examination of stool samples for the presence of parasites, abnormal cells, and microorganisms. Techniques employed for microscopic examination may include staining methods such as acid-fast staining and immunoassays. Some common instances include a stool ova and parasite (O&P) exam which directly examines a stool sample for the presence of cysts and trophozoites, helping distinguish common parasitic intestinal infections. These examinations are usually performed over multiple days, often at least seven.

Molecular analysis such as PCR may also be employed, and serologic testing is another available option. Furthermore, certain causative agents like Shigella can be identified using immunoassays for S. dysenteriae. Other diagnostic methods may involve looking for the presence of white blood cells and blood in fecal samples, which occurs in approximately 70% of patients with certain types of infections. Stool samples for these tests should ideally be processed promptly to maintain accuracy in diagnosis.

It's very important to note that treatment varies depending on the causative agent, therefore a proper and accurate diagnosis is critically essential in the medical management of the patient.