The Process of Ribosome Shifting in Protein Synthesis
What happens as the ribosome shifts down the mRNA by a distance of one codon?
Which of the following occurs as the ribosome shifts down the mRNA by a distance of one codon?
- a) The tRNA that was in the P site picks up another amino acid.
- b) The tRNA that was in the A site picks up another amino acid.
- c) The tRNA that was in the A site moves into the P site.
- d) The tRNA the was in the A site releases the growing polypeptide chain.
- e) The tRNA that was in the P site moves into the A site.
Answer:
When the ribosome shifts down the mRNA by one codon, the tRNA in the A site moves to the P site, while the tRNA in the P site moves to the A site.
When the ribosome shifts down the mRNA by a distance of one codon, the tRNA that was in the A site moves into the P site. This allows the next codon on the mRNA to be positioned in the A site for the next round of protein synthesis. The tRNA that was in the P site, which was carrying the growing polypeptide chain, then moves into the A site to make room for the new incoming tRNA and amino acid.
Understanding the process of ribosome shifting is essential in comprehending the intricate details of protein synthesis. It involves a series of coordinated movements that ensure the accurate assembly of amino acids into proteins based on the instructions encoded in the mRNA.
Importance of Ribosome Shifting in Protein Synthesis
Ribosome shifting plays a crucial role in protein synthesis by ensuring that the correct tRNA molecules are positioned at the appropriate sites on the ribosome. This precision is essential for the fidelity of protein translation, as any errors or misalignments can lead to the production of non-functional or defective proteins.
Furthermore, ribosome shifting allows for the efficient progression of translation along the mRNA molecule, ensuring that the synthesis of the protein is carried out in a timely and coordinated manner. By moving the tRNA molecules through the ribosome in a sequential fashion, ribosome shifting helps to maintain the integrity and accuracy of the translation process.