Prokaryotic Cells: Features and Characteristics
Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
Prokaryotic cells are unicellular organisms that lack a membrane-bound nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. They are simpler in structure compared to eukaryotic cells.
- Nucleoid: Prokaryotic cells contain a single, circular DNA molecule located in a region of the cell called the nucleoid. The DNA in prokaryotic cells is not enclosed within a nucleus.
- Ribosomes: Prokaryotic cells have numerous ribosomes that are smaller in size compared to eukaryotic ribosomes. Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis in the cell.
- Plasma Membrane: The plasma membrane of prokaryotic cells serves as a barrier between the cell's interior and the external environment. It regulates the passage of substances in and out of the cell.
These key features distinguish prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells, which have a membrane-bound nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.
Despite their simplicity, prokaryotic cells are essential for various important processes in nature, including nutrient cycling, decomposition, and symbiotic relationships with other organisms.